- Indian Heritage
- Culture
- Modern Indian history
- The Freedom Struggle
- Post-independence
- Indian Society
A. population and associated issues
B. poverty and developmental issues
C.urbanization
7. Geographical features
8.Indian Constitution
9. Polity
10. Governance
A. institutions
B. regulatory
C. Government policies
D. role of NGOs
E. measures
11. Social Justice
A. Welfare schemes
B Health
Ayushman Bhav
In a groundbreaking initiative aimed at delivering healthcare services to the last mile of India, President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu had virtually launched the ‘Ayushman Bhav’ campaign as well as the Ayushman Bhava Portal, from Gandhinagar, Gujarat on 13 September 2023. To facilitate further access of Ayushman Cards, generate ABHA IDs and raise awareness about vital health schemes and disease conditions, such as non-communicable diseases, tuberculosis, and sickle cell disease, Health Melas have been set up in various parts of the country since 17 September 2023. These health camps are designed to inform and empower citizens about the government’s flagship schemes, aims to create awareness and deliver the benefits of welfare programs directly to the people.
A significant landmark was achieved on 16th Dec 2023 as the combined footfall of people crossed the 10-crore mark in over 12.6 lakh Health Melas organized by Ayushman Arogya Mandirs and Community Health Centres since the beginning of the campaign from 17 September 2023.
The ‘Ayushman Bhav’ initiative is envisaged to saturate all health care services in every village/ town in line with the commitment of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi to ensure reach to the last mile and enable access to health care services to everyone in the society. ‘Ayushman Bhav’ initiative involves a set of interventions that include ‘Ayushman – Apke Dwar 3.0’, ‘Ayushman Sabhas’, ‘Ayushman Melas- at Health and Wellness level and Medical Camps by Medical Colleges at CHCs’, and eventually ensuring Gram/ Nagar Panchayat or Urban Ward to attain the status of ‘Ayushman Panchayat’ or ‘Ayushman Urban Ward’ in a saturation mode.
C. Education
D. Human Resources
National Education Policy NEP-2020
National Education Policy, 2020 (NEP) envisions a massive transformation in education through– “an education system rooted in Indian ethos that contributes directly to transforming India, that is Bharat, sustainably into an equitable and vibrant knowledge society, by providing high quality education to all, thereby making India a global knowledge superpower.” The NEP 2020 is founded on the five guiding pillars of Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability and Accountability. It will prepare our youth to meet the diverse national and global challenges of the present and the future.
In school education, the National Education Policy 2020 stresses on the core values and principle that education must develop not only the cognitive skills, that is, – both ‘foundational skills’ of literacy and numeracy and ‘higher-order’ skills such as critical thinking and problem solving – but also, social and emotional skills – also referred to as ‘soft skills’ -including cultural awareness and empathy, perseverance and grit, teamwork, leadership, communication, among others. The Policy aims and aspires to universalize the pre-primary education and provides special emphasis on the attainment of foundational literacy/numeracy in primary school and beyond for all by 2025. It recommends plethora of reforms at all levels of school education which seek to ensure quality of schools, transformation of the curriculum including pedagogy with 5+3+3+4 design covering children in the age group 3-18 years, reform in the current exams and assessment system, strengthening of teacher training, and restructuring the education regulatory framework. It seeks to increase public investment in education, strengthen the use of technology and increase focus on vocational and adult education, among others. It recommends that the curriculum load in each subject should be reduced to its ‘core essential’ content by making space for holistic, discussion and analysis-based learning.
It also proposes the revision and revamping of all aspects of the education structure, including the school regulation and governance, to create a new system which is aligned with the aspirational goals of 21st century education along with India’s tradition, culture and value system. Technology will be integrated with education through several existing as well as proposed initiatives, including energized text books, high quality e-content for capacity building of teachers and learners, question banks based on learning outcomes, etc. The policy also notes that establishing primary schools in every habitation across the country has helped in increasing access to education. However, it has led to the development of very small schools (having low number of students) which makes it operationally complex to deploy teachers and critical physical resources. Therefore, the Policy recommends that multiple public schools can be brought together to form a school complex or any innovative grouping mechanism for efficient governance. The policy has emphasized upon Quality Education across all stages of School Education. Quality education is not only a life-changing, but also a mind-crafting and character-building experience, that positively impacts on citizenship. Empowered learners not only contribute to many growing developmental imperatives of the country but also participate in creating a just and equitable society.
In Higher Education, NEP, 2020 provides valuable insights and recommendations on various aspects of education that include moving towards multidisciplinary and holistic education, institutional autonomy, promotion of quality research through establishment of National Research Foundation, continuous professional development of teachers, integration of technology, internationalization of higher education, restructuring of governance and regulatory architecture, multidisciplinary curricula, engaging blended, pedagogy, valid reliable and blended assessment and availability of content in Indian languages. The policy is expected to bring long-lasting positive impact on the education system and making India a global hub of skilled manpower during the ‘Amrit Kaal’, the next 25 years leading up to Developed India in 2047. Its implementation needs collective efforts of Centre, States, UTs, HEIs, Regulating Agencies / Regulatory Bodies and all other relevant stakeholders.
E. poverty and hunger
12. International relations
A. India and its neighbourhood
B. groupings and agreements
C.Indian diaspora
13. Economic Development
A. Government Budgeting
B. industrial
E.issues
14. Technology
15. Environment
As fireworks light up night sky, air pollution spikes to 120 times WHO limit
16. Security
17. Disaster Management
Chennai Petroleum mobilises resources, takes lead on cleaning up oil spill on TN Coast
Cyclone Michaung brought 36 hours of incessant rain starting from 3rd Dec’23, causing severe flooding in Chennai. Due to unprecedented flooding, the water level in the Buckingham canal increased causing reverse flow. This appears to have carried some oil from Chennai Petroleum Corporation (CPCL ) Refinery as well as from other industrial units in Manali area into Buckingham Canal when the flood levels receded.
An oil slick has since been formed near the Ennore creek. CPCL has the expertise and capability to deal with this and has taken the lead to remove this oil slick in coordination with State Authorities. There has been no pipeline leak or leakage from tanks in the refinery, and the refinery is under operation.
CPCL has mobilised 4 Agencies from Chennai, Mumbai and Paradip for clearing the Oil spill. Containment booms have been arranged on emergency basis. 7 nos. of containment booms of around 1430 mts have been installed in different areas of Creek and Canal. 6 nos. of Oil Skimmers have been deployed for the clean up. Oily waters collected in drums have been shifted to CPCL. Around 20,000 nos of absorbent pads have been used for removal of oil traces from the water surface.
Oil presence in the containment zone is now miniscule. Around 110 boats with 440 manpower have been deployed for intensive oil slick removal activities. Mechanized cleaning efforts have been successfully completed in 2 out of 5 shore areas. House cleaning of affected area with required manpower is being carried out. Hydro jetting machines and Wet and dry Vacuum Machines have also been employed to expedite the work. It is being ensured that all workmen involved in the clean-up activities are using requisite Personal Protective Equipment. All required Personnel Protective Equipment (PPE), including 600 gloves, 1000 masks, 750 gumboots, 500 Helmets, 550 Boiler Suits and 500 goggles have been distributed to the local workforce at the Ennore creek area. A dedicated team from CPCL is continuously monitoring all the above activities under the guidance of TNPCB and State Authorities. CPCL is working on war footing to clean-up and clear the areas in coordination with TNPCB & State authorities and the work is targeted to be completed in next 2-3 days.
In addition, CPCL is separately contributing to the overall relief within the State. Around 11000 bags of rice, 6000 bags of groceries, 3000 Sarees, 2000 Women’s Clothing, 2000 Dhotis, 2000 Bedsheets, 2000 Mosquito coils, 500 Sleeping mats and other essential items have been handed over to State nodal officer by way of relief.